topic Re: Linking directories in Operating System - HP-UX

Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 03:50:32 GMT

Hi,

How do I link the /sbin directory into another directory, for example /backup/sbin. My root filesystem is around 97% usage and the /backup filesystem is a large free space compared to my root filesystem.

Thanks.

Kenrick

Re: Linking directories

Jeeshan — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 04:16:24 GMT

It's not wise to move or link /sbin directory.

Whatever you can do is, delete unnecessary files from / directory and it'll free space.

First find which files are taking space.

you can delete core files from root file system.

Re: Linking directories

Patrick Wallek — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 04:26:38 GMT

If you move/link the /sbin directory to another file system, there is a VERY good possibility you will render your system unbootable!

You will also definitely render your system all but useless in single-user mode.

When booting into single-user mode only / and /stand are available. Since /sbin is under the / filesystem, and contain statically linked binaries you can use when /usr/lib isn't available, the /sbin binaries are your only choice. If /sbin isn't there, you can't do much.

The best think to do is take a step back and try to determine exactly what is taking up space in your / filesystem.

If you search a bit, you will find LOTS of threads with advice on how to do this.

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:02:16 GMT

Hi,

Thanks for your advice. I have move back /sbin to its original location. I tried to find core files in the / directory but did not found any files. Also checked on backup file under /dev, but did not found any. I tried to find all files greater than 200KB but could not find unnecessary files to delete.

Here is a sample of the output command:
# find / -xdev -size +200000c -exec ls -lt {} \;
-rw------- 1 root sys 330752 Oct 22 2006 /etc/lvmconf/vg00.conf
-rw------- 1 root sys 297984 Oct 22 2006 /etc/lvmconf/vgdb.conf
-rw------- 1 root sys 297984 Oct 22 2006 /etc/lvmconf/vgdb1.conf
-rw------- 1 root sys 1182720 Oct 22 2006 /etc/lvmconf/vgdb2.conf
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 387392 Nov 7 1997 /etc/hpC2400/c2430sw
-r-xr--r-- 1 bin bin 339680 Apr 6 2000 /etc/opt/resmon/lbin/emsagent
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 241664 Apr 6 2000 /etc/opt/resmon/lib/librescli.1
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 532480 Apr 6 2000 /etc/opt/resmon/lib/libresmon.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 334268 Nov 14 11:27 /etc/opt/resmon/log/api.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1382347 Dec 26 12:59 /etc/opt/resmon/log/armmon.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 539683 Oct 21 06:57 /etc/opt/resmon/log/reslog.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1595295 Dec 26 12:59 /etc/opt/resmon/log/fc60mon.log
-r--r--r-- 1 bin bin 342724 Jun 2 2000 /etc/X11/XHPKeymaps
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 253952 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/hfs/mkfs
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 245760 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/hfs/extendfs
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 352256 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/hfs/fsck
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 233472 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/hfs/mount
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 212992 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/hfs/fsdb
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 282624 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/mkfs
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 208896 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/newfs
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 204800 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/extendfs
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 491520 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/fsck
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 212992 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/mount
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 290816 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/vxfs/fsdb
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 229376 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs/cdfs/mount
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 233472 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fs_wrapper
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 421888 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/sh
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvchange
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvcreate
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvdisplay
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvextend
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvlnboot
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvreduce
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvremove
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvrmboot
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvchange
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvcreate
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvdisplay
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvmove
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root sys 811008 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/sdstolvm
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgcfgbackup
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgcfgrestore
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgchange
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgcreate
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgdisplay
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgexport
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgextend
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgimport
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgreduce
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgremove
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgscan
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvck
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 372736 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/awk
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 200704 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/chown
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 241664 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/date
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 352256 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/frecover
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 282624 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/init
-r-xr-xr-x 4 root sys 311296 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/insf
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 290816 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/ls
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 262144 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/mkboot
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 274432 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/mount
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 245760 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/mv
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 397312 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pax
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 208896 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/stty
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvsync
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 294912 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/restore
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root sys 716800 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvchange.run
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 212992 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/crashconf
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 376832 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/eisa_config
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 282624 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/fstyp
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 253952 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/itemap
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 204800 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/ln
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root sys 229376 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/passwd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 253952 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/rm
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 331776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/savecrash
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root sys 266240 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/shutdown
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 307200 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/tar
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 208896 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/ttytype
-r-xr-xr-x 4 root sys 311296 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lssf
-r-xr-xr-x 4 root sys 311296 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/mksf
-r-xr-xr-x 4 root sys 311296 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/rmsf
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvmerge
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 364544 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vxdump
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 380928 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vxrestore
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 290816 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vxupgrade
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root sys 217088 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/initcond
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/lvsplit
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgsync
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/nomwcsyncd
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/pvremove
-r-sr-xr-x 31 root sys 843776 Dec 26 12:52 /sbin/vgchgid
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 421888 Jan 20 2000 /sbin.backup/sh
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 282624 Feb 6 1998 /sbin.backup/init
# bdf
Filesystem kbytes used avail %used Mounted on
/dev/vg00/lvol3 143360 139749 3527 98% /
/dev/vg00/lvol1 83733 52868 22491 70% /stand
/dev/vg00/lvol8 1105920 297162 758544 28% /var
/dev/vg00/lvol7 1179648 521934 616616 46% /usr
/dev/vg00/u01 4096000 1566664 2371457 40% /u01
/dev/vg00/lvol4 65536 12022 50205 19% /tmp
/dev/vg00/lvol6 536576 425750 103945 80% /opt
/dev/vg00/lvol5 20480 5648 13935 29% /home
/dev/vgdb/u02 2048000 1554689 462484 77% /u02
/dev/vgdb/u03 1536000 375122 1088329 26% /u03
/dev/vgdb/u04 10240000 1643575 8060965 17% /u04
/dev/vgdb1/u05 10240000 2234660 7755178 22% /u05
/dev/vgdb2/u6 15360000 14032994 1285542 92% /u06
/dev/vgdb2/u7 15360000 5715324 9343750 38% /u07
#

What do you think needs to be deleted? I'm now clueless on how to lessen usage of my root file system.

Thanks.

Kenrick

Re: Linking directories

whiteknight — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:09:00 GMT

Ken,

use
#find / -xdev -size +2000 > /tmp/bigfile.out

see if this help.

WK

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:13:47 GMT

Hi,

This is the output of /tmp/bigfile.out

# cd /tmp
# more bigfile.out
/etc/lvmconf/vgdb2.conf
/etc/opt/resmon/log/armmon.log
/etc/opt/resmon/log/fc60mon.log
#

Thanks.

Ken

Re: Linking directories

Jeeshan — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:16:53 GMT

What u listed in find command must not deleted.

If there is a DB server you can delete the sqlnet.log, nohup.out like files.

First please ll to / directory and find out which files or directory you need to delete.

After confirmation u can delete those files.

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:24:57 GMT

Hi Ahsan,

# find / -name sqlnet.log -print
/home/oracle/sqlnet.log
/u01/app/oracle/product/release/network/log/sqlnet.log
/u01/app/oracle/product/release/sqlnet.log
#

# ll
total 206
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root sys 1432 Dec 20 2001 ##UNTITLED#
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root sys 57 Oct 8 2001 #UNTITLED#
-rw------- 1 root sys 36107 Dec 26 12:21 .ICEauthority
-rw------- 1 root sys 222 Dec 26 12:21 .TTauthority
-rw------- 1 root sys 1078 Dec 26 12:21 .Xauthority
drwxr-xr-x 12 root sys 1024 Dec 26 12:30 .dt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root sys 5451 Nov 10 2000 .dtprofile
-r--r--r-- 1 bin bin 1167 Jan 4 2007 .profile
-r-xr-xr-x 1 bin bin 4448 Nov 11 1999 .q4rc.pl
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 6 Feb 26 2001 .rhosts
-rw------- 1 root sys 3650 Dec 26 12:35 .sh_history
drwxr-xr-x 3 root sys 96 Oct 7 2000 .sw
lr-xr-xr-t 1 root sys 8 Oct 7 2000 bin -> /usr/bin
drwxrwxrwx 2 root sys 96 Nov 10 2000 cdrom
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 855 Feb 12 2004 config.stm
dr-xr-xr-x 18 bin bin 4096 Oct 31 11:24 dev
dr-xr-xr-x 27 bin bin 6144 Nov 11 06:39 etc
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 96 Mar 1 2001 home
lr-xr-xr-t 1 root sys 8 Oct 7 2000 lib -> /usr/lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Sep 24 1999 lost+found
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 0 Nov 16 23:17 lsof+aL1
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Oct 31 11:24 net
-rw------- 1 root sys 0 Nov 10 2000 nohup.out
dr-xr-xr-x 27 bin bin 1024 Jan 5 2004 opt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root sys 7735 Oct 20 09:08 root
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root sys 3072 Dec 26 12:52 sbin
dr-xr-xr-x 2 bin bin 3072 Dec 26 12:36 sbin.backup
dr-xr-xr-x 7 bin bin 1024 Mar 1 2001 stand
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 770 Mar 27 2001 swlist.out
drwxrwxrwx 11 bin bin 5120 Dec 26 13:19 tmp
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Nov 6 2000 tmp_mnt
drwxr-xr-x 7 oracle dba 96 Dec 26 12:39 u01
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle dba 96 Nov 14 2000 u02
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle dba 1024 Mar 1 2001 u03
drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle dba 96 Dec 26 11:55 u04
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle dba 2048 May 17 2001 u05
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle dba 96 Jan 29 2002 u06
drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle dba 2048 Nov 16 23:02 u07
dr-xr-xr-x 23 bin bin 1024 Oct 7 2000 usr
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root sys 54 Sep 25 2001 ux
dr-xr-xr-x 21 bin bin 1024 Apr 5 2001 var
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root sys 0 Aug 16 2001 wtmp
#

I dont see any files that can be deleted. Sqlnet.log is located at /u01 and /home which is on a different filesystem.

Thanks.

Ken

Re: Linking directories

Jeeshan — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 05:53:50 GMT

Hi Ken

Do the du -sk in all folder underneath the / file system. mind it only in / mount point.

Then you can investigate to the large folders. and take action.

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 06:50:02 GMT

Hi Ahsan,

These are the output.

# du -sk /.dt
411 /.dt
# du -sk /.sw
9 /.sw
# du -sk /dev
17 /dev
# du -sk /etc
11419 /etc
# du -sk /sbin
18687 /sbin
# du -sk /net
1 /net

There are some backup configurations that can be deleted but these files are small.

Thanks.

Ken

Re: Linking directories

Jeeshan — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 07:37:57 GMT

Hi ken

Your bdf output shows that you have near about 130 MB space for / file system.

If you have available disk space in vg00 please extened the / file system to minimum 1GB.

The output u specified is ok and u need not to delete any files from /etc or /sbin.

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 07:53:24 GMT

Hi Ahsan,

Is it advisable to extend / filesystem? Based on the forums here, it is best to use Ignite first to extend / filesystem. Can you give me steps to extend / filesystem?

Thanks.

Kenrick

Re: Linking directories

john korterman — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 10:23:53 GMT

Hi Kenrick,

the size of your root file system seems ok to me.
You might be in a classic error situation where a file occupying disk space has been deleted, but a running process prevents the disk space from being freed; a situation described in "man 2 unlink".
A fast and dirty check for this is to boot the computer and check if space is freed. If possible, try this.

regards,
John K.

Re: Linking directories

Dennis Handly — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 10:28:05 GMT

FYI: When you moved? the files and copied them back you changed the modification dates of everything under /sbin/. This is going to upset swverify.

You should used cp -p, or have tarred/untarred them to keep the modification date.

Not that these will save you much space but why do you have /sbin.backup/?
bin bin 421888 Jan 20 2000 /sbin.backup/sh
bin bin 282624 Feb 6 1998 /sbin.backup/init

>Is it advisable to extend / filesystem?

That's what we are all saying.

You might want to look at some other links:
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1176480
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1081666
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1109022
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1170522
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1145799
http://forums11.itrc.hp.com/service/forums/questionanswer.do?threadId=1109022

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 10:55:39 GMT

Hi Dennis,

The purpose of /sbin.backup is to backup all files under /sbin.

By the way my root filesystem now is at 95% usage.

Thanks.

Kenrick

Re: Linking directories

Dennis Handly — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 11:20:59 GMT

>The purpose of /sbin.backup is to backup all files under /sbin.

Since /sbin.backup/ also seems to be under /, that's not very helpful, especially if you are out of space.

Re: Linking directories

Kenrick Sy — Wed, 26 Dec 2007 11:50:53 GMT

Hi Dennis,

I have cleared out sbin.backup.

Ken