topic Re: alias in ksh in Operating System - HP-UX

alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Mon, 24 Feb 2003 22:58:57 GMT

I want to setup an alias 'psg' which, when given a parameter, would give me processes grep-ed by that parameter, viz.

psg oracle (would list all procs which has oracle word in them)

psg http (all procs with http word in them)

alias=`ps -ef|grep -i |grep -v grep'

I was able to do the above in csh by substituting with \!*

What is the corresponding string for ksh?

Thanks in advance
...Manjeet

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Mon, 24 Feb 2003 23:00:08 GMT

alias psg=`ps ....`

Sorry for the typo!

Re: alias in ksh

Rodney Hills — Mon, 24 Feb 2003 23:34:08 GMT

Aliases aren't very smart in ksh. Better to use function.

example-
function psg {ps -ef | grep $1 | grep -v "grep"}

HTH

-- Rod Hills

Re: alias in ksh

Jeff Schussele — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 00:27:00 GMT

Hi,

Should be

ps -ef | grep -i $1 | grep -v grep

$X where X is numeric are argument vars.
$0 = command
$1 = 1st argument
$2 = 2nd argument
etc.

Rgds,
Jeff

Re: alias in ksh

Jeff Schussele — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 00:31:34 GMT

So you could even *extend* that alias command by simply defining it to be:

ps -ef | grep -i -e $1 -e $2 -e $3 ....etc | grep -v grep

And then you could do

psg oracle http java

and get all procs with any of those.

Jeff

Re: alias in ksh

Bill Hassell — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 05:17:10 GMT

The easiest is to use a separate script rather than an alias as you could limit which fields will be used for the comparison. However, to find all processes owned by the oracle user, use ps options:

ps -f -u oracle

Or to search for a specific process (and not locate processes with unrelated strings), use the -C option:

UNIX95= ps -f -C sh

which will NOT find ksh like grep does.

Re: alias in ksh

monasingh_1 — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 09:18:49 GMT

just a note while setting alias in ksh you should give ' (forward slash) not the ` (back slash).

I do not know how to replace your ??? of csh but why not just do ps instead of writting a function. I think ps is given for this purpose.

Use as many standard commands as you can before writting your own functions, otherwise it will only complicate things further.

hope this helps..

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 15:56:47 GMT

Rodney,

How would I make use of this function? Do I include it in a script?

psg is just an example; I have many aliases defined that way in my .cshrc. That will mean writing scripts for all of them!

Thanks

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 15:59:07 GMT

Jeff S.

$1 doesn't work in alias.

Thanks

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 16:05:19 GMT

Bill H.

Its not a single alias that I am trying to work. I have lot many and writing scripts for them may be an overkill. But so far, what I am learning from user-community is that ksh doesn't have that feature.

Thanks for the tip for -C flag. How would I use it?

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 16:13:54 GMT

Monasingh

Good catch! It should be forward tick and not reverse tick as I put in my initial post.

Writing aliases and functions saves time and make things go faster. I would rather type "psg http" than "ps -ef|grep http|grep -v grep" every time I have to look for http procs. Just my personal preference!
:-)

Re: alias in ksh

Rodney Hills — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 19:01:55 GMT

You use the function like an alias-

psg oracle

will display processes with name "oracle".

Give it a try, I think it will do what you want.

-- Rod Hills

Re: alias in ksh

Rodney Hills — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 19:14:56 GMT

If you are running csh now, why are you wanting to use "ksh"?

If you are trying to make alias definitions that are interchangable between the 2 shells, then I think you won't be able to do that.

If you are converting over to "ksh" and dropping "csh" as your primary shell, then you can convert all your aliases to functions, place them in ".profile" to set them at login.
It is pretty easy to convert the alias to a function. example-
alias psg='ps -ef | grep -i | grep -v grep'

becomes

function psg {ps -ef | grep -i $1 | grep -v }

You could build these functions by replacting the following-
"alias" with "function"
"='" with "{"
trailing "'" with "}".

If you have a lot, you could use sed or awk or perl to build up .profile.

Aliases under ksh only do "word" substitutions at the beginning of a command. Their is no equivalent .

HTH

-- Rod Hills

Re: alias in ksh

Kellogg Unix Team — Tue, 25 Feb 2003 23:17:15 GMT

Rodney,

Thanks. The function works the following way -

psg() {
ps -ef|grep -i $1|grep -v grep
}

I can include my other aliases this way.

Thanks again
...Manjeet

Re: alias in ksh

Bill Hassell — Thu, 27 Feb 2003 02:40:37 GMT

The -C option (and -H and -o) are all 'special' features that are enabled via the XPG4 option. The man page is a bit cryptic about how to set it, but all that is necessary is to set the environment variable UNIX95. In the above example:

UNIX95= ps -f -C sh

The UNIX95= simply defines the variable with a null value (UNIX95 can be anything including null) and in POSIX shells like ksh, the variable assignment can be placed in front of the command. Without UNIX95= then ps doesn't know what to do with -C

The primary advantage of -C is that ps searches the EXACT match of the program name (and not the pathname or username or anything else). Thus:

UNIX95= ps -f -C java

will not find any users with java in their name (like java or hotjava) nor will it find processes with a pathname such as /opt/java/bin/java3) because it looks just at the process name.

-H is pretty nifty when looking for a hierarchy of parents and children, and -o allows you to construct your own version of ps as in:

UNIX95= ps -e -o vsz,pid,args | sort -rn

which shows the resident set size of all prgrams, their PID and the command line, then sorted by VSZ (which is in Kbytes)