Submit Very Basic System administration commands and win easily points

[Glenn L. Stewart]

A very handy one....

Finding the bytes in a directory (not including directories below).

For example

/dir1/dir2
/dir1/dir2/dirx
/dir1/dir2/diry

To find size of /dir/dir2 (including dirx,diry)

from /dir1/dir2
# du -ks .

BUT

To find size of /dir1/dir2 (excluding dirx,diry)

from /dir1/dir2
# ls -l | tr -s " " ""|cut -d" " -f5|xargs echo|sed "s/ / + /g"|bc

(Cut and paste above from browser)

Glenn

[Mark van Hassel]

Check consistency of passwd, group and authentication database:

pwck
grpck
authck

[Mark van Hassel]

To get detailed info from patches on HPUX11:

swlist -l patch -a size -a description -a state -a superseeded by

[discoverer]

To W/S beginners: conquer your W/S!

=================================
1.phenomena
* can't login the W/S
* the system is slow
* can't start some applications
* some commands run incorrectly
......

2.issues analysis
Most of the issues are due to the following reasons:
1. your local envioronment settings
2. the disk quota of your account
3. the CPU/memory usage
4. the network flood
......

3.actions
1. check your local '.*' envioronment files:
backup your cshrc & .login or .profile;
then copy .cshrc & .login or .profile from /etc/skel to your HOME directory;
then test again.

if the issue disappears, there must be something wrong with your above '.*' files, just correct them.

Note: some common environment variables
* csh:
setenv TERM xterm
setenv EDITOR vi
setenv PATH $PATH:/applications/bin (note: pls add such a line in .login, but not in .chsrc)

setenv LPDEST lj5si3 (note: set lj5si3 as the default printer)
setenv LANG C or setenv LANG zh_CN.hp15CN
* sh:
TERM=xterm
export export
EDITOR=vi
export EDITOR
PATH=$PATH:/applications/bin (note: pls add such a line in .login, but not in .chsrc)
export EDITOR

LPDEST=lj5si3 (note: set lj5si3 as the default printer)
export LPDEST
LANG=C or LANG=zh_CN.hp15CN
export LANG

2. decrease your disk space usage: (especially when you can login your W/S but soon return to the login screen automatically)
in your W/S, or use other machine to telnet to your W/S:
/usr/bin/quota -v your_account (more info pls refer to 'man quota')

if your usage beyonds the quota, pls delete enough unnecessary files to solve the issue.

3. 'EXIT'
save your work, then click 'EXIT' on the CDE windows manager to logout

4. kill -9 -1 (especially for some system or application issue)
save your work, then use kill -9 -1 to kill all YOUR processes running on your W/S

5. mv ~/.dt and login again (for CDE login issues)

6. shutdown (especially for some system or network issue)

[Paula J Frazer-Campbell]

Hi
Command to get rid of users who have done nothing for more than an hour.

who -u | egrep " [1-9]:" | grep -v root | awk '{print $7}' | xargs kill

Use grep -v to excluse certain users from this tidy up routine.

Change the 1-9 to 2-9 for two hours idle and 3-9 for three - etc.

Paula

[Mark Greene_1]

To extract a range of lines from a log file or other text file when you cannot grep a common pattern, try this script:

#!/bin/ksh
# process is sed -n 'StartLineNumber,EndingLineNumber' source_file > target_file
# $1=source file, $2=starting line, $3=ending line, $4=target file

if [ $# -lt 4 ]; then
echo "usage: extract source starting_line ending_line target"
exit
fi

SOURCE=$1
START_PAGE=$2
END_PAGE=$3p
TARGET=$4
QUOTE="'"

CMD="-n $QUOTE$START_PAGE,$END_PAGE$QUOTE"

eval "sed $CMD $SOURCE >$TARGET"

exit $?

[Deshpande Prashant]

HI
Use setboot command to display/set the primary/alternate boot paths.

#setboot -p => sets pri boot path
#setboot -a => sets alt boot path

In mirrored root VG (vg00), I use this command to change boot path to test mirrors on next reboot.

Thanks.
Prashant Deshpande

[Darrell Allen]

How to extract files from a tar archive made with absolute paths:

For example, tar made with:
tar cvf /tmp/users.tar /home/users

Extract for an alternate location with pax:
pax -r -s,/home/users,/home/users2, -f /tmp/users.tar

Darrell

[Bill Hassell]

Just a note about ps -ef and grep.

ps has a lot of options that are overlooked and grep is a very unstable way to look for processes or owners. grep does processes owned by root or it will find processes like chroot. Since the results always depend on what is actually running at that moment, the results are not dependable. For instance, looking for all sh programs will fail because grep finds sh, ksh, csh, bash, etc as well as users that are not running any sh processes but theirt user name happens to contain sh (like bashful or squish).

To find all processes owned by one user:

ps -u user_name

To find a specific process by name:

UNIX95= ps -C process_name

[Kevin_31]

# UNIX95=ps -C omni
sh: -C: not found.

?

[James R. Ferguson]

Hi Kevin:

# UNIX95= ps -C omni

...not...

# UNIX95=ps -C omni

Note the blank character after the equal sign and before the 'ps' command. No semicolon either! This sets the UNIX95 variable for the duration of the command line *only*.

Regards!

...JRF...

[Kelli Ward]

My favorite little tip to search for a text string within all files and subdirectories from your current directory:

find . -type f -exec grep -l '' {} \;

Nice post!

Kel

[T. M. Louah]

1) Only in Database environment like Oracle:
To sort all the proceses by memory size:

# UNIX95= ps -eo vsz,ruser,args | sort -rn | more

If any of the processes are pushing more than 50 megs, run SAM & change maxdsiz to 512 MB or more. This requires a reboot If you have less than 2Gb of RAM, Oracle will have big problems with performance.

G'd luck
t++

[S.K. Chan]

Filesystem copy to/from another machine. Make sure .rhosts is setup appropriately

PUSH method
-----------
# (find -xdev|cpio -coax) | remsh "cd ;cpio -icdmuxla"

PULL method
-----------
# remsh "cd ;find -xdev | cpio -coax"|cpio -icdmuxla

[Hooi Siew Hoong_1]

to compare the difference between 2 text file
#diff

[K.Vijayaragavan.]

command to see the Hard disk parameters , make , partnumber and model number in HPUX is?

========================================>

#diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#

-Vijay

[K.Vijayaragavan.]

One simple command to get the physical RAM availability in the HP9000 system is?
====>

#grep -i physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

-vijay

[K.Vijayaragavan.]

Netscape Navigator for HPUX:
============================

Netscape Navigator for HPUX11.00 is availabe in the application CD 5/5 whose product number is B8342AA.

-Vijay

[Hooi Siew Hoong_1]

To get a text file of man pages without the special characters(eg bold, highlight)

man |col -b >> file

[BKUMAR]

Hi

for checking shared memory process

#ipcs
#ipcs -m

this helps for huge oracle process shared by memory

[BKUMAR]

Hi

HA-MC/Service Guard-Cluster query commands

#cmquerycl
#cmcheckconf
#cmviewcl
#

Cluster run/halt commands

#cmruncl
#cmhaltcl
#cmrunnode
#cmhaltnode
#cmrunpkg
#cmhaltpkg
#cmhaltserv
#cmrunserv

Cluster package command

#cmmakepkg
#cmmodpkg

[BKUMAR]

Hi

For handling the processors -HP

#icod

notifies the total processors utilized and avl on server which is on hold by HP

[erics_1]

To clear a hung console:

1. Power off the console
2. Hold down the 'D' key for 10 seconds while powering on the console.
3. Press the 'Enter' key

OR

Telnet to the system and kill the current console PID.
1. ps -ef|grep console
2. kill

Regards,
Eric

[Richard Darling]

1) du -sk to get the total disk usage in 1024 blocks for a directory

2) put
stty erase ^?
in a script and called it b.

comes in handy when the damn terminal backspace key doesn't work...just enter b, and i'm all set.

3)wc -l in a pipe to get counts.

Richard Darling

[Kurt Beyers.]

Recreate the lvmtab file if you're having troubles with the definition of volumegroups:

#rm /etc/lvmtab

# vgscan

it might be a good idea to remove old vg directories in the /dev before doing the vgscan.

Kurt